Ghost fishing

Ghost fishing

Ghost fishing occurs when fishing gear is lost and remains on the seabed, where it can continue fishing uncontrolled for a long time. This leads to serious marine pollution, hidden mortality in fish and shellfish, and reduced catch potential over time. Lost gear that continues fishing unsupervised constitutes both an environmental problem and an economic loss for the fishing industry.

How is fishing gear lost?

Fishing gear can be lost for several reasons. Passive fishing gear such as nets, traps, pots, and lines is normally attached to the sea surface with ropes and often a buoy, also called a surface float.

The surface float can disappear below the sea surface if the gear is moved to deeper water by currents, slides over edges on the seabed, or is affected by changes in tides. The rope connecting the gear to the surface can break due to wear, high strain, or failure in knots and attachment points.

Ship traffic also poses a significant risk. Ropes can get caught in propellers, be cut, or cause the gear to be dragged to greater depths. When the connection between the fisher and the gear is broken, it often becomes very difficult or impossible to relocate and retrieve the gear.

Consequences of lost fishing gear

Lost gear without a known position can remain on the seabed for years. It can snag new gear, which in turn leads to further losses and increased ghost fishing. This creates a negative spiral with both environmental and economic consequences.

Therefore, it is crucial to report the loss of fishing gear, as well as to carry out targeted cleanup at sea. Retrieval and removal of lost gear is one of the most effective measures to reduce ghost fishing and protect marine life.